EURURO Vol. 72 No. 2

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Table 1 – Baseline characteristics in all the studies includedStudy ID, design, country,recruitment period
Intervention
N
FU (mo),
mean SD,
median[range]
Age (yr),
mean SD,
median [range]
Gender
M/F
BMI (kg/m
2),
mean SD,
median[range]
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Stone size
in mm or mm
2,
mean SD[range + IQR]
Stone location
in UC, MC,
LC, P or UPJ if
available
Stone
laterality
R/L
Outcomes measured
Tepeler 2014, RCT, Turkey,
2012–2013
[28]
mPNL 4.8 Fr
10 0
47.2 15.1 [28–66] 4/6 27.5 3.6
(21.8–33.5)
NR
Age
<
18 yr, narrow
infundibulum, impacted UPJstone, ureteral obstructionpreventing insertion of stentto CS, multiple renal accesses
19.9 5.0 (12–30) mm Renal
NR
Benefits: ISFRHarms: CG, BLSecondary outcomes: DP, DHSOther: pelvic pressure
PNL 30 Fr
10
44.3 10.1 [27–62]
27.8 2.8 (23.7–33.1)
21.9 4.8 (15–30) mm Renal
Cheng 2010, RCT, China,
2004–2007
[19]
mPNL 16 Fr
72 NR
37.2(24–67)
1.2 NR
Single tractSingle technique
Patients requiring multipletracts and both techniques(mini and standard)
980 mm
2
18 (25%) Staghorn27 (38%) P27 (38%) multiple C
Ratio 1.5 Benefits: ISFR
Harms: CG, BL,Secondary outcomes: DHS, DP,analgesic requirement
PNL 24Fr
115
39.6(27–72)
1.2
1010 mm
2
29 (25%) Staghorn46 (40%) P40 (35%) Multiple C
Ratio 1.4
Karakose 2014, comparative
study, Turkey, 2011–2012
mPNL 22 Fr
15 0
45.6 12.52 [26–71] 9/6 NE
‘‘Uneventful PCNL’’
‘‘Complicated procedures’’,multiple tracts, abnormalpreoperative renal function,previous renal surgery onipsilateral urinary tract,pyonephrosis, extreme bloodloss, perforation
34.36 10.41 [10–45] mm NR
8/7
Harms: CG, BL, BT, AP, SPSecondary outcomes: DP
PNL 24 Fr
19
45.94 14.69 [24–72]11/8
37.47 10.35 [17–53] mm
10/9
PNL 26 Fr
26
46.19 12.24 [25–71]17/9
37.88 14.14 [10–55] mm
18/8
PNL 28 Fr
18
41.88 16.53 [22–69]8/10
36.49 11.33 [25–50] mm
9/9
PNL 30 Fr
32
45.37 13.80 [24–72]21/11
37.53 12.23 [30–55] mm
15/17
Xu 2014, comparative study,
China, 2011–2013
[26]
mPNL 16 Fr
37 0
50.3 14.8
13/24 22.7 1.4
Renal stone
>
20 mm, age
>
18
and
<
60 yr, ASA I or II
Kidney anomalies,uncontrolled coagulopathy,pregnancy,immunodeficiency,hypertension, DM, heartdisease, renal insufficiency,‘‘any medical therapy whichcould affect hemodynamic,electrolyte, and metabolicchanges’’, any patient whoseintraoperative irrigation timewas
<60 or
>
120 min,
multiple tract procedures,patients who had received ablood transfusion
33.4 10.3 mm
NR
22/15 Benefits: ISFR
Harms: CG, BLSecondary outcomes: DP, DHSOther outcomes: volume of fluidabsorbed
PNL 24 Fr
34
45.3 13.5
13/21 22.8 1.5
41.4 10.9 mm
18/16
Yamaguchi 2011, comparative
study, global, 2007–2009
[27]
18 Fr
271 NR
NR
NR NR
NR
Incomplete information(n
= 266)
NR
NR
NR
Harms: BL, BT
26 Fr
1039
27–30 Fr
3533
32 Fr
371
Mishra 2011, comparative
study, India, 2009–2010
[24]
mPNL
–18 Fr
26 NR
42.2 19.8
18/8 23.8 2.6
Renal stones10–20 mm
Pediatric patientsUTIMorbid obesityUncorrected coagulopathies
147 30 mm
2
2 (8%) UC1 (4%) MC15 (58%) LC9 (35%) P
8/19
Benefits: ISFRHarms: CG, BL,Secondary outcomes: DHS, DP,analgesic requirement
PNL 24–28 Fr
26 NR
48.2 16.8
18/8 22.6 2.7
149 60 mm
2
3 (12%) UC2 (8%) MC10 (38%) LC13 (50%) P
10/18
Knoll 2010, comparative study,
Germany, 2007–2009
mPNL 18 Fr
25 NR
52 11.6 [27–77]
2.1:1(17 / 8)
27 3.5 [19–36]
Patients with solitary renalstone located in lower pole orrenal pelvis
NR
18 3.3 [10–21] mm NR
NR
Benefits: ISFRHarms: BL, fever, VISecondary outcomes: DP, Pain:VAS, AR, DHS
PNL 26 Fr
25
48 15.5 [23–73]
1.8:1(16 / 9)
29 5.6 [19–42]
22 4.25 [14–29] mm
Giusti 2007, comparative study,
Italy, 1999–2004
[11]
mPNL 14 Fr
40 0 and 1 48.0 [29–70]
20 / 2026.0
Kidney stone
<
20 mm.
Inclusion criteria for TL PNL:single tract, absence ofcollecting system perforationand bleeding, complete stoneclearance
NR
280 mm
2
20 (50%) LC20 (50%) P
21 / 19 Benefits: SFR
Harms: BL, BTSecondary outcomes: DP, pain:VAS, AR, DHSOther outcomes: TRNA
PNL 30 Fr
67
51.3 [19–78]
36 / 3124.6
310 mm
2
NR
30 / 37
TL PNL 30 Fr
27
48.5 [22–77]
14 / 1323.8
320 mm
2
NR
12 / 15
Miller 2014, case series, UK,
2009–2013, abstract
[32]
mPNL 16.5 Fr
116 0
63.2(reported as‘‘average age’’)
60 / 56NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Benefits: ISFR, ICIRFR,Harms: CG, BT, US, SPSecondary outcomes: DP, DHS
Bhattu 2014, case series, India,
2009–2013, abstract
[29]
mPNL ( 20Fr)
301 NR
42
NR NR
NR
Active bleeding disorder, UTI,pregnancy
14.7 4.3 mm
NR
NR
Benefits: SFRHarms: CG, BL, SPSecondary outcomes: DP, DHS
Karatag 2014, case series,
Turkey, 2013, abstract
mPNL
68 NR
41.4
NR 26.3
NR
NR
122 mm
2
NR
NR
Benefits: SFRHarms: CG, BL,Secondary outcomes:DP, DHSOther outcomes: DF
E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 7 2 ( 2 0 1 7 ) 2 2 0 – 2 3 5 225