213 320
Table 5 – Reported outcomes per study—postoperative outcome
Author
Surgical
technique
Number of
patients in
subgroup
Surgical site
infection
Incisional
hernia
Incision
length, cm
(range)
Hospitalization,
d
Delayed
graft
function
Death
censored
graft survival
Patient
survival
Study
dropout
Median
follow-up,
mo (range)
Gibson incision
Nanni (2005)
[7]GIBI
50
1/50 (2%)
2/50 (4%)
*NR
NR
NR
50/50
50/50
NR
54 [3 - 180]
Oberholzer (2013)
[14]GIBI
28
8/28 (29%)
*–/28
NR
8.1 5.3
–/28
28/28
28/28
NR
35.7 17.2
*Modi (2013)
[13]
GIBI
145
NR
NR
17.8 13–21.2
*NR
3/145 (2%) NR
NR
NR
22.3
Hockey-stick
incision
Nanni (2005)
[7]
HSI
50
2/50 (4%)
8/50 (16%)
*NR
NR
NR
50/50
50/50
NR
54 (3–180)
Filocamo (2007)
[34] aHSI
267
17/267 (6%) 27/267 (10%)
*NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
15/415 (3.61%) 105 (27–192)
Malinka (2013)
[33]
HSI
33
NS
b3/33 (9%)
14.2 0.5
*15.6 6.8
NR
27/28 (96%)
28/30 (93%)
3/33 (9%)
30
Kishore (2014)
[9]
HSI
25
1/25 (4%)
NR
17.5 3.1
*NR
NR
25/25
25/25
–/25
12
Conventional
open kidney
transplantation
cØyen (2006)
[35]
COKT
21
NR
–/21
20.5 (17–23)
*12.4 (7–29)
*3/21 (14%) 20/21 (95%)
21/21
–/21
NR
Mun (2007)
[18]COKT
20
1/20 (5%)
–/20
21.2 (16–23)
*23.6 (19–37)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Kacar (2013)
[37]
COKT
43
NR
1/43 (2%)
NR
11.7
NR
43/43
43/43
–/43
3
Brockschmidt (2014)
[20]COKT
11
NR
NR
NR
21.8 7 (15–36)
1/11 (9%)
11/11
11/11
–/11
12
Modi (2015)
[22]
COKT
8
NR
NR
NR
NR
–/8
8/8
8/8
–/8
12
Kim (2016)
[21]
COKT
17
NR
NR
NR
18.9 5.3
1/17 (6%)
1/17
17/17
0/17
12
Minimally invasive
open kidney
transplantation
Øyen (2006)
[35]
MIKT
21
–/21
–/21
8.1 (7–9)
*8.2 (6–13)
*2/21 (10%) 21/21
21/21
–/21
NR
Filocamo (2007)
[34]MLI
133
10/133 (8%) 3/133 (2%)
*NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
15/415 (3.61%) 105 (27–192)
Mun (2007)
[18]MIVAKT
20
–/20
–/20
7.8 (7–80)
*21.4 (18–24)
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Park (2008)
[36]
MSI
5
–/5
–/5
9.3 1.5
Not significant, NS –/5
NR
NR
–/5
NR
Brockschmidt (2012)
[19]MAKT
10
–/10
–/10
NR
18.5 5.8 (4–29)
–/10
10/10
10/10
–/10
18
Kacar (2013)
[37]
MIKT
43
–/43
–/43
NR
11.7
NR
43/43
43/43
–/43
3
Malinka (2013)
[33]
STI
33
NS
b2/33 (6%)
9.2 1.3
*16.4 7
NR
27/30 (90%)
30/32 (94%)
1/33 (3%)
30
Brockschmidt (2014)
[20]MAKT
11
–/11
–/11
NR
20.6 5.7 (14–33) 1/11 (9%)
11/11
11/11
–/11
12
Kishore (2014)
[9]
MFI
25
–/25
NR
13 1.7
*NR
NR
25/25
25/25
0/25
12
Kim (2016)
[21]
MSI
17
NR
NR
9.5 1.3
17.9 3.1
–/17
1/17
17/17
0/17
12
Laparoscopic kidney
transplantation
Modi (2013)
[13]
LKT (suprapubic)
72
NR
NR
5.5 4.9-6
*NR
6/72 (8%)
65/68 (96%)
68/72 (94%)
NR
22.3
Modi (2015)
[22]
LKT (suprapubic)
20
NR
NR
5.8
1.87
*7.58 4.82
NR
19/20 (95%)
20/20
NR
NR
Modi (2015)
[22]
LKT (transvaginal) 8
–/8
NR
0 *7.94 4.36
NR
8/8
8/8
NR
NR
Robotic-assisted
kidney
transplantation
Oberholzer 2013
[14]
RAKT
23
–/28
* [7_TD$DIFF]–/28
NR
8.2 4.5
1/28 (4%)
28/28
28/28
NR
12.0 6.0
*Menon 2014
[15]RAKT
25
–/25
–/25
6.1 0.5 (4–7.1)
8.4 1.1 (7–12)
–/25
24/24
24/25 (96%)
–/25
6
Tsai 2014
[16]RAKT
10
–/5
–/10
7.7 1.04
13.6 3.5
1/10 (10%) 10/10
10/10
–/10
6.9 3.9 (1–12)
Sood 2015
[17]RAKT
54
NR
NR
6.1 0.5 (5.4–7.1) 8.3 1.1 (7–13)
–/28
52/52
52/54 (96.3%) –/54
13.4 (6–18)
Tugcu 2016
[30]
RAKT
5/15
d [10_TD$DIFF]NR
NR
5.3 0.72
10.9 2.0
–/5
d–/5
d5/5
d10/15 (67%)
3
dNR = not reported, NS = not specified, GIBI = Gibson incision; HSI = hockey-stick incision; MLI = midline incision; COKT = conventional open kidney transplantation; MIKT = minimally invasive kidney transplantation;
MIVAKT = minimally invasive video-assisted kidney transplantation; MSI = modified skin incision technique; MAKT = minimal-access kidney transplantation; MFI = modified Pfannenstiel incision; LKT = laparoscopic
kidney transplantation; RAKT = robotic-assisted kidney transplantation; STI = short transverse incision; = standard deviation; (–) = range.
*
Significant result (
p
<
0.05).
a
Three subgroups: group 1: 1991–1997, operated by surgeons (
n
= 65); group 2: 1991–1997, operated by urologists (
n
= 67); group 3: 1997–2005, operated by surgeons (
n
= 135), when possible results were combined.
b
Not specified between groups, five in total in two groups.
c
Conventional open kidney transplantation, not specified which open technique, either kidney transplantation with GIBI or kidney transplantation with HSI.
d
Only five of 15 patients were followed during 3 months of follow-up, and corresponding data were reported.
E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 7 2 ( 2 0 1 7 ) 2 0 5 – 2 1 7
213